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Ipv4 addressing structure and classes example



Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) is most used in the world of networking. In this article, all the information about the structure and classes of IPv4 addressing will be given, and its example will also be given.


Structure of IPv4:-

Internet Protocol Version 4 address is of 32 bits and 4 bytes, and it is represented in 4 parts of decimal. Each part is from 0 to 255. For example, 192. 168. 1.1 is a valid Internet Protocol Version 4 address.

Internet Protocol Version 4 address is divided into the following 2 parts:

1. Network Part - The network part does the work of finding out where the IP address is present in the network.

2. Host Part - It works to identify the necessary devices inside the network.

The main purpose of Internet Protocol Version 4 addressing is to send data packets to their correct place on the Internet or any other network. Every device that connects to the Internet has an IPv4 address. This way, data packets can travel to their intended device without any interruption.


Classes of IPv4 :-

IPv4 addressing is divided into the following five classes: A, B, C, D, and E. All classes are compatible with each type of network and divide a well-known part of the address space.


Class A :-

Range: Class A has a range of 1.0.0.0 to 126.0.0.0.

Network/Host Partition: Class A has a network/host partition 8-bit network and 24-bit host part.

Use: Class A is used for large-scale networks such as large organizations.

Example: Class A has an address of 10.0.0.0.

If Class A has 10.0.0.0. So the network part is 10, and the rest 24 bits are used for hosts. That means there are about 16 million hosts in network 10.

Class A works as addressing. Its first octet is used for the network. And the remaining three octets are used for hosts. Every class A network has more than 16 million hosts.


Class B :-

Range: The range of class B is from 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.0.0.

Network/Host Division: In class B, 16 bits are used for networks and 16 bits are used for hosts.

Use: Class B is used in medium area networks like in colleges.

Example: Its example is 172.16.0.0.

If the class B address is 172.16.0.0. So its network part will be 176.16, and the rest 16 bits are the host part. And network 176.16 has approximately 16,536 hosts.

In class B addressing, the first two octets are network and the remaining two octets are host. That is, every class B network has 65536 hosts.


Class C :-

Range: Class C ranges from 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.0.

Network/Host Partition: Class C range has a 24-bit network and a bit host part.

Use: Class C is used for small networks and home use.

Example: Its example is 192.168.1.0.

If the Class C address is 192.168.1.0, then its network part is 192.168.1, and the remaining 8 bytes are for the host part. That is, there are approximately 256 (2^8) hosts in the network 192.168.1.

In Class C addressing, the first three octets act as the network part. The remaining octets are the host part. That is, every Class C network has 256 (2^8) hosts.


Class D :-

Range: The range of Class D is from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

Use: Used to send data in a group for multitasking.

Class D addressing is used for multitasking. Which is used to send the same data packets to multiple hosts on multiple networks. There is no part of network/host division in it.


Class E :-

Range: Class E ranges from 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255.

Use: It is used for research and development purposes.

Class E addressing is used for research and development purposes. It is commonly used for networking purposes.


Conclusion :-

IPv4 addressing structure and classes are used to send data over the Internet. Many classes meet the needs of different types of networks. Its job is to keep the network and hosts running properly.

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