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What is the difference between OSI and TCP/IP model


The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model and the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) model are two important reference models in the world of networking. Both these models are used to understand the different levels of networking and to organize the processes of those levels.


OSI model:- 

The OSI model is divided into 7 layers.

1. Physical layer: It works to receive and send data from network hardware such as cables, switches, and hubs.

2. Data link layer: This layer breaks the data into small parts and sends them to the network and also checks those errors.

3. Network layer: This layer works to send data from one computer to another computer.

4. Transport layer: The transport layer ensures reliable and secure transfer of data.

5. Session layer: The job of this layer is to initiate and maintain communication between two computers. And also ends it.

6. Presentation layer: This layer works to convert data from one format to another.

7. Application layer: This layer works to communicate between users and application software like email and web browsing.


TCP/IP model:-

The TCP/IP model is the basic model of the Internet. This model is divided into 4 layers.

1. Network interface layer:

The network interface layer works like the physical and data link layers of OSI. This layer sends any data between hardware devices.

2. Internet layer:

The Internet layer works to send data packets from one network to another.

3. Transport layer:

The work of the transport layer is to send data securely; it includes TCP and UDP protocols.

The work of the TCP transmission control protocol is to send data after securing it.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) works by sending data at a speed that makes it impossible to secure the data.

4. Application Layer:

The application layer provides network services like HTTP, FTP, and SMTP.


Difference between OSI model and TCP/IP :-

Number of layers: The OSI model has 7 layers, and the TCP/IP model has 4 layers.

Purpose: The OSI model is designed to maintain coordination between networking devices, and TCP/IP is designed for the Internet and its related protocols.

Protocol: The OSI model does not have a protocol for each layer. And the TCP/IP model has a protocol for all.

Simplicity: TCP/IP is easy to use because it has fewer layers.

Use: The OSI model is used more for education and research. And TCP/IP is used for networking.

Both models are important models for networking. And both have utility in their own places.


Conclusion :-

The work of TCP and IP is to send data on the Internet and other networks. It is used as a transmission protocol. Transmission Control Protocol is a connection-oriented protocol. It sends data packets to the correct destination without any mistake. The work of IP is also to send data packets to the correct destination. Internet Protocol does the work of addressing data packets. TCP and IP have become very important in today's world. Because it sends data correctly and accurately. Without this, it is difficult to communicate on the Internet.

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