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What is the file transfer protocol in a computer network


File Transfer Protocol (FTP) in Computer Networks :-

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a network protocol that is used to send files from one computer to another. This protocol is a protocol recognized by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Therefore, this protocol is used in more places.


History of FTP :-

FTP was developed in 1971. When it was created for ARPANET. This protocol was used to send files from the beginning. But now it is also used with TCP/IP networking. FTP is also responsible for the development of the Internet.


Function and use of FTP :-

The job of FTP is to send files from one computer to another in a secure way.

Uploading website files to a web server: Web developers use FTP to upload their website files to a web server.

Downloading software updates: Using FTP, many software companies provide updates to their users. Backing up files: FTP servers are used by many users and companies to back up files.


Types of FTP :-

FTP has two types:

1. ACTIVE FTP: In ACTIVE FTP, the user creates a data channel to transfer files, and the client connects to the server. Active FTP reduces the security of the firewall network. Because it uses the ports created by the client. Due to which it is less secure.

2. PASSIVE FTP: In PASSIVE FTP, the server creates a data port. And the client connects to that port. It has firewall security. Because this port is created by the server.


FTP Client and Server :-

To use FTP, we need an FTP client. And an FTP server is also needed.

FTP Client: An FTP client is software that allows the user to send files. Such as FileZilla, Cyberduck, and WinSCP software.

FTP Server: It runs on the server and stores the file. When the client connects to it, it can access the file on this server.


Security of FTP :-

FTP provides many security features for sending data, such as

FTP over SSL/TLS (FTPS): FTP sends data securely using SSL/TLS encryption.

SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP): SSH protocol is used to make FTP secure.


Advantages of FTP :-

Simplicity: FTP is very easy to use. It allows the user to upload and download files.

Speed: FTP can send files at high speed; its use saves time.

Miscellaneous uses: FTP is used in many places. Like it is used to upload website files and download software updates.


Disadvantages of FTP :-

Security risk: If the FTP server is not used with proper security, there is a fear of data theft.

Need for client and server software: Software is required to use FTP. This software sometimes does not work properly.

Firewall problem: Using FTP causes problems in firewall networks.


Conclusion :-

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is used in computer networking to send files from one computer to another. It has many types and functions. This protocol is an effective tool for the user. It should be used properly so that data theft can be avoided. This protocol is a part of TCP and IP. It is used in networks based on TCP and IP.

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